Article About Zolpidem

Question: Describe about the Article About Zolpidem? Answer: Zolpidem Author(s) Year Topic covered in research article / benefit of information Hoehns JD, Perry PJ. 1993 This reference helps to identify the class of the drug Zolpidem. Imidazopiridine is the class and this is a non benzodiazepine oral hypnosedative drug. This is a newer concept of treatment. The drug binds with benzodiazepine subtype receptor situated in cerebellum. Kales A, Manfredi RL, Vgontzas AN, et al 1991 Benzodiazepines have a property of rebound insomnia and this reference shows Zolpidem not produced any type of insomnia or tolerance. This will certify that the drug is safe from some serious adverse effects. Rebound insomnia is a common and serious ADR of benzodiapines that is why this information is important. Sanger DJ, Zivkovic B. 1988 This reference helps to understand the drug binding site of Zolpidem. This binding site is important to know because this information helps to know the pharmacological activity. Zolpidem removes benzodiazepine from there binding site and shows there sedative action at particular site. Binding action of Zolpidem is also different from zaleplon and zopiclone. Danjou P, Paty I, Fruncillo R, et al. 1999 The drugs used for the treatment of insomnia are mainly sedative in nature and this is the basic treatment of insomnia. This reference provides the information that Zolpidem produce third degree or fourth degree sleep which is the basic requirement of insomniac patient. Durand A, Thenot JP, Bianchetti G, et al. 1992 The pharmacokinetic property of Zolpidem is clearly discussed Absorbance is high and bio availability is 70%. Oseltamivir Author(s) Year Topic covered in research article / benefit of information Kim, C. U. et al. 1997 There are only two drugs to treat H5N1 influenza. This reference shows the structural activity, design and synthesis of oseltamivir. Ives, J. et al. 2000 This is to refer that the viruses of influenza are resistant to different neuraminidase inhibitors like oseltamivir. The M2 receptor blockers are not suitable to treat H5N1 because of the resistance. Different studies of resistance and their conclusions are given in this reference. Ward, P., Small, I., Smith, J., et al. 2005 This reference shows us the effectiveness of oseltamivir against influenza virus. Oseltamivir is a potent drug for influenza virus in elderly as well as adults. Children also give response but this is not clinically approved. Oseltamivir is also effective against avian influenza viruses. The dosage is very important aspect because lowering the dose may cause viral resistance. Wang, M. Z., Tai, C. Y. Mendel, D. B. 2002 This reference is very important because it will describe how the resistance enhances after taking oseltamivir. Mutation of His274Tyr is responsible for this resistance. This mutation occurs due to slow binding nature of oseltamivir which results the reorientation of Glu276. This structural change is the main reason of resistance. Kiso, M. et al 2004 This is another reference which gives the information that oseltamivir is much more potent than amantadine or rimantadine in case of resistance. Children are more susceptible to the chance of resistance.